鐵路客車(chē)空調(diào)車(chē)廂內(nèi)溫度控制系統(tǒng)仿真

電子信息工程論文編號(hào):DZXX353  論文字?jǐn)?shù):8614,頁(yè)數(shù):25  附任務(wù)書(shū)，開(kāi)題報(bào)告，中期檢查 
  目  錄
摘  要 3
ABSTRACT 4
第一章 緒論 1
1.1鐵路的發(fā)展及常規(guī)車(chē)廂溫度控制存系統(tǒng)在的缺點(diǎn) 1
1.1.1 鐵路的發(fā)展史 1
1.1.2 常規(guī)車(chē)廂溫度控制系統(tǒng)存在的缺點(diǎn) 2
1.2 PID控制和模糊控制簡(jiǎn)介 2
1.2.1 PID簡(jiǎn)介和原理 2
1.2.2 模糊控制簡(jiǎn)介及基本原理 2
1.2.3 模糊控制的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn) 4
第二章  空調(diào)車(chē)廂內(nèi)溫度控制系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì) 5
2.1 車(chē)廂內(nèi)溫度控制傳遞函數(shù) 5
2.2 控制器的設(shè)計(jì) 5
2.2.1  常規(guī)PID控制系統(tǒng)的建立 5
2.2.2  模糊PID控制器的設(shè)計(jì) 9
3.1 PID 仿真結(jié)果分析 17
3.1.1 PID控制系統(tǒng)框圖 17
3.1.2  PID算法的MATLAB仿真圖 17
3.2 模糊控制仿真結(jié)果分析 18
3.2.1 模糊控制系統(tǒng)框圖 18
3.2.2 模糊控制算法的MATLAB仿真圖 19
第四章    結(jié)論分析 21
參 考 文 獻(xiàn) 22

摘  要
 PID控制，其結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單,成本低，穩(wěn)定性好,工作可靠,調(diào)整方便，在工業(yè)控制中被廣泛應(yīng)用，但是對(duì)于對(duì)象延遲比較大，工況不穩(wěn)定的場(chǎng)合，常規(guī)PID控制雖然能消除穩(wěn)態(tài)誤差，但是會(huì)出現(xiàn)超調(diào)量大，過(guò)渡過(guò)程時(shí)間長(zhǎng)的問(wèn)題，不能滿(mǎn)足實(shí)時(shí)控制的要求，對(duì)于這種情況，采用模糊控制能達(dá)到更好的效果，采用參數(shù)模糊自整定PID控制器，實(shí)時(shí)的根據(jù)工況的變化對(duì)PID的三個(gè)參數(shù)進(jìn)行整定，能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)更好的控制，解決超調(diào)量大，過(guò)渡過(guò)程時(shí)間長(zhǎng)的問(wèn)題。
 以鐵路空調(diào)客車(chē)為研究對(duì)象，采用常規(guī)PID控制和參數(shù)模糊自整定PID控制兩種方案對(duì)車(chē)廂內(nèi)溫度進(jìn)行控制。利用MATLAB中的SIMULINK工具箱建立控制系統(tǒng)的仿真模型，然后做出仿真曲線(xiàn)，把常規(guī)PID和參數(shù)模糊自整定PID的結(jié)果進(jìn)行比較，得出模糊控制在延遲較大，工況變化較大的情況下的優(yōu)勢(shì)。
 關(guān)鍵詞：PID控制，模糊控制，溫度控制，SIMULINK，控制仿真。
 
 
 ABSTRACT
 PID control was widely used in the industry control,because of having a simple structure,low cost ,good stability,reliable operation and easy adjustment.but for objects have large transitional time and condition is instablity of the occasions,the general PID Control can eliminate steady-state error,but it will appear large oscillation and need long time to stablity, in this case,the fuzzy control can achieve better results,using Fuzzy Parameter self-regulation PID control,which can accord to the change of conditions adjusting the three parameters of PID control ,the most important thing is online and in time,can achieve better control to solve large oscillation and long transitonal time problem.
 Taking the air-conditioned passenger compartment as subject investigated，both PID and Fuzzy control methods are used to control the temperature in the chamber.
Using SIMULINK toolbox established the control system simulation model of MATLAB,and make the simulation curves,comparing the general PID and Fuzzy control ,proving the Fuzzy control having a good advantage in prolong the transitional time and condition is instablity of the occasions.
 Key words: PID control,Fuzzy control,Temperature control ,SIMULINK,control simulation.