UCOSII在FPGA上的移植

電子通信論文編號:TX002          論文字數:11962,頁數:54

目錄
摘要   1
Abstract   2
1 引言   5
2 概述   8
2.1 Nios II是一個用戶可配置的通用RISC嵌入式處理器   8
2.1.1提高系統的性能   8
2.1.2 更低的系統成本   8
2.1.3應對產品的生命周期   8
2.1.4功能強大,易用的開發工具   9
2.1.5 使用完全功能的開發包   9
2.2 選題依據   9
2.2.1 選擇μC／OS-II操作系統做為移植的操作系統   9
2.2.2 選擇Alter公司推出的NiosII處理器   10
3 UC/OS-II的特點   12
3.1 公開源代碼   12
3.2可移植性（Portable）   12
3.3可固化（ROMable）   12
3.4可裁剪（Scalable）   13
3.5占先式（Preemptive）   13
3.6多任務   13
3.7可確定性   13
3.8任務棧   13
3.9系統服務   14
3.10中斷管理   14
3.11穩定性與可靠性   14
4 UC/OS-II移植的處理器所需的條件   15
5 建立NIOS的最小系  16
5.1 EDA的安裝   16
5.2 建立niosII系統   16
5.2.1 建立項目   16
5.2.2 生成一個可調試的nios 最小系統   19
5.2.3在QuartusII中使用上述niosII系統   32
5.3 編寫程序   33
5.4 編譯整個項目   37
5.5下載與測試   38
6 UC/OS-II在NiosII上的移植  39
6.1 移植前提準備   39
6.1.1 硬件與軟件   39
6.1.2 所需指南文件   39
6.2 移植UCOS-II的創建步驟     40
6.3 系統庫設定   45
6.4 構建和運行Nios II軟件設計   47
7 在UC/OS-II上的簡單應用   50
8 結論   52
致謝   53
參考文獻   54

摘要

嵌入式系統是當今非常熱門的研究領域,早期多以單片機為核心,應用領域非常廣泛.但單片機系統功能比較簡單,速度較慢,難以適應現代技術的快速發展.隨著現場可編程邏輯陣列(FPGA)技術的日益成熟,基于片上可編程系統(SOPC)的嵌入式處理器越來越多地受到人們的關注.特別是Altera公司推出的Nios II嵌入式處理器軟核,通過軟件編程的方法可靈活地實現嵌入式的功能,并且針對FPGA進行性能優化,可大大提高系統性能.它還具有片上調試功能,便于系統的設計和調試.隨著芯片技術的發展,SOPC成為嵌入式系統設計的一個發展趨勢,不同于桌面操作系統,嵌入式操作系統需根據特定的嵌入式應用及不同的處理器而進行移植和裁剪.針對目前越來越多的基于Nios的系統開發,我分析了新一代Nios內核處理器的結構特點.于是有了想法把μC/OS-II操作系統移植到SOPC上去.本課題的目的就是以UC/OS-II嵌入式實時操作系統內核為研究對象,實現在SOPC軟核處理器Nios上的移植,我通過研究NiosII的相關手冊及有關英文資料,做好針對性的記錄,逐步掌握了開發的流程,并且通過反復的實驗與調試,最終實現了UC/OS-II在SOPC上的移植與應用.

關鍵詞: 嵌入式系統; SOPC; Nios; μcos;

Abstract

The Embedded System is a very popular study-feild nowadays, the earlier times taking MCU as core more, applying-field is very extensive.But MCU system function is more simple,hard to be suit with the rapidly developing of modern technique.With the increasingly mature of FPGA, SOPC'Embedded System is be pay attention to by more and more people.Especially the soft core of Nios II that company of Altera release, by the method of software weave distance can carry out the Embedded System function vividly, and carry on the function to FPGA excellent turn, can raise the system function consumedly.It still has the function of adjusting on chip, easy to adjust and design the system.With the technical development of chip, the SOPC becomes a development trend of embedded system design, differing from the table operation system, the embedded operation system needs to carry on transplanting and cutting according to particular embedded application and different processor.Aim at more and more currently developping according to the Nios system, analyzing the new generation Nios structure characteristics .Hence I had a thought to transplant the operation system of μ C/ OS- II to the SOPC. The purpose of this topic is with the UC/OS-II operation system as a object, carry out the transplantation in the SOPC soft core processor Nios. I studied the related manual and relevant English datas of  the NiosII, working well the record, and controled the process of the development gradually, and with the iterative experiment and adjusting, in the end caming ture the UC/OS-II'transplantation and the application on the SOPC.

Key Words: Embedded System; SOPC; Nios; μcos;