DSP處理GPS接收數(shù)據(jù)的應(yīng)用研究

電子通信論文編號(hào):TX006           字?jǐn)?shù):21881,頁數(shù):54 
目   錄
摘    要  
ABSTRACT   
第一章  緒論   1
1. 1  課題研究背景   1
1. 2  課題研究現(xiàn)狀   1
第二章  GPS概述   4
2. 1  GPS及其特點(diǎn)    4
2. 2  GPS的載波信號(hào)   4
2. 3  GPS定位原理    7
2. 4  導(dǎo)航電文   8
2. 4. 1  導(dǎo)航電文格式   8
2.4.2  導(dǎo)航電文的內(nèi)容   8
2.5  GPS 原始數(shù)據(jù)特點(diǎn)   9
第三章   DSP處理GPS接收數(shù)據(jù)系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計(jì)   10
3. 1  硬件介紹   10
3.1.1  GPS模塊   10
3.1.2  DSP模塊   11
3. 2  系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)總體設(shè)計(jì)   12
3. 3  GSP與PC機(jī)接口電路設(shè)計(jì)   13
3. 4  DSP與PC機(jī)接口電路設(shè)計(jì)   15
3. 4. 1  ICETEK-DM642-PCI評(píng)估板功能概述   15
3. 4. 2  TL16C752B介紹   16
3. 5  GPS與DSP接口電路設(shè)計(jì)   19
第四章  DSP處理GPS接收數(shù)據(jù)系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計(jì)   19
4. 1  系統(tǒng)軟件總體設(shè)計(jì)思想   19
4. 2  系統(tǒng)初始化設(shè)計(jì)   21
4. 3  導(dǎo)航電文的接收與判斷   21
4. 4  系統(tǒng)串口通信設(shè)計(jì)   22
4. 4. 1  DSP串口通信設(shè)計(jì)   22
4. 4. 2  GPS與PC機(jī)串口通信設(shè)計(jì)   24
4. 5  導(dǎo)航電文提取及解算程序設(shè)計(jì)   25
4. 5. 1  導(dǎo)航電文的提取   25

4. 5. 2  導(dǎo)航電文的解算   27
4. 6  信號(hào)處理模塊程序設(shè)計(jì)   27
4. 6. 1  FFT算法程序設(shè)計(jì)   28
4. 6. 2  卡爾曼濾波算法程序設(shè)計(jì)   34
第五章  總結(jié)   36
結(jié) 束語   37
參考文獻(xiàn)   38
附    錄   39

摘    要
隨著電子技術(shù)和通信技術(shù)的不斷進(jìn)步，以及新的軟/硬件開發(fā)工具的出現(xiàn)，GPS技術(shù)也將獲得快速發(fā)展。從早期的單點(diǎn)定位和相對(duì)定位，發(fā)展到目前的差分定位和廣域差分定位；從接收到數(shù)據(jù)后處理到目前的實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)處理。DSP作為專門為快速實(shí)現(xiàn)各種數(shù)字信號(hào)處理算法而設(shè)計(jì)的、具有特殊結(jié)構(gòu)的微處理器,配有特殊的DSP指令集,編程靈活,開發(fā)較容易,運(yùn)算速度高,與其他單片處理器相比較具有小體積、高速度,低功耗,高可靠性的特點(diǎn),適合對(duì)高復(fù)雜性的GPS 信號(hào)的實(shí)時(shí)處理，高速的DSP數(shù)字信號(hào)處理器可以讓GPS數(shù)據(jù)更新率降低到0.1秒。
本文首先對(duì)本課題的背景、研究現(xiàn)狀和GPS的產(chǎn)生、發(fā)展、特點(diǎn)及一些本文應(yīng)用到的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)作了簡(jiǎn)單的介紹，然后進(jìn)行DSP處理GPS數(shù)據(jù)接收系統(tǒng)的硬件設(shè)計(jì)，整個(gè)系統(tǒng)可以分為兩大模塊：接收模塊和處理模塊。接收模塊以GPS為核心，主要進(jìn)行了GPS與PC機(jī)、GPS與DPS之間的接口電路設(shè)計(jì)；處理模塊以DSP處理器為核心，主要是對(duì)DSP與PC機(jī)之間的接口電路的設(shè)計(jì)。最后是對(duì)軟件的設(shè)計(jì)，包括系統(tǒng)初始化程序設(shè)計(jì)、導(dǎo)航電文的接收與判斷、系統(tǒng)串口通信的設(shè)計(jì)、導(dǎo)航電文提取及解算程序設(shè)計(jì)、信號(hào)處理模塊程序設(shè)計(jì)，信號(hào)處理模塊通過在DSP實(shí)驗(yàn)箱上的仿真驗(yàn)證了程序的正確性。

關(guān)鍵詞：GPS   DSP   定位   數(shù)據(jù)接收   實(shí)時(shí)處理

ABSTRACT
GPS technology has been developing rapidly in recent years because of the advancement of electronic technology and communication technology as well as the appearance of new software and hardware for exploration. It developed from the simple point localization and the relative localization to the difference localization and the macrozonality difference localization, from reception to the data post-processing and then real-time data processing. GPS is a specially-structured micro-processor designed for the rapid realization of various digital signal algorithm processing; it possesses unique sets of instructions, flexible programming, high operating speed and is easy to explore. Compared with other monolithic processors, GPS is characterized by small volume, high speed, low power loss and high reliability, thus it suits to process real-time GPS signals which are very complex because a high speed GPS digital signal processor can reduce the renewing rate of digital to 0.1 second.
This thesis firstly makes a brief review on the background, current studies of this subject and introduces the appearance, development and characteristic and some related key technologies of GPS. And then the author carries on DSP processing and designs the hardware of GPS digital receiving system. The whole system consists of two modules: receiving module and processing module. The receiving module takes GPS as a core, mainly dealing with the design of connection circuit between GPS and PC machine, between GPS and DPS; the processing module takes the DSP processor as a core, also throwing efforts on the design of the connection electric circuit between GPS and PC machine. Finally comes the design of software, including system initialization programming, receiving and judgment of navigational telegram text, the design of system string correspondence, the programming design of the navigational telegram text collection and calculation, the design of signal processing module, and the author proves the correctness of the signal processing module through simulation in the DSP experiment box.

KEY  WORDS：GPS， DSP， Positioning，Data reception， Real-time  processing