基于internet的嵌入式遠程測控終端研制

電子通信論文編號:TX047       論文字?jǐn)?shù):61106,頁數(shù):110

目    錄
摘    要   I
ABSTRACT   II
目    錄   III
第1章 緒論   １
1．1研究目的和意義   １
1．2國內(nèi)外現(xiàn)狀   ２
1．3主要研究工作   ４
第2章 系統(tǒng)方案   ５
2．1網(wǎng)絡(luò)架構(gòu)方案   ５
2．1．1 C/S與B/S模式   ５
2．1．2 HTTP及CGI   ７ 
2．1．3動態(tài)網(wǎng)頁技術(shù)   １４
2．1．4系統(tǒng)實現(xiàn)   １９
2．2 終端平臺方案   ２１
2．2．1 軟件環(huán)境   ２１
2．2．2 硬件環(huán)境   ２５
2．2．3實現(xiàn)方案   ２８
2．3小結(jié)   ３１
第3章 終端平臺硬件系統(tǒng)開發(fā)   ３２
3．1 最小系統(tǒng)   ３２
3．1．1 微處理器   ３２
3．1．2數(shù)據(jù)/程序存儲器   ３６
3．1．3輔助模塊   ３８
3．2 網(wǎng)絡(luò)模塊   ４１
3．2．1芯片特性   ４１
3．2．2工作原理   ４２
3．2．3接口設(shè)計   ４３
3．3 I/O、模擬數(shù)字、測控通訊模塊   ４３
3．3．1 I/O模塊   ４４
3．3．1 模擬數(shù)字轉(zhuǎn)換模塊   ４４
3．3．2 通訊模塊   ４６
3．4 小結(jié)   ４８

第4章 終端平臺軟件系統(tǒng)開發(fā)   ４９
4．1 軟件開發(fā)環(huán)境及機理   ５０
4．1．1 編譯環(huán)境  ５１
4．1．2 調(diào)試環(huán)境  ５４
4．1．3系統(tǒng)運行機理   ５５
4．2 啟動加載程序移植   ５７
4．2．1 ARMboot啟動流程   ５７
4．2．2 ARMboot移植   ６１
4．3 ARM-Linux內(nèi)核移植   ６３
4．3．1 ARM-Linux啟動流程   ６４
4．3．2 ARM-Linux內(nèi)核板級移植   ６８
4．4文件系統(tǒng)建立   ７３
4．5 設(shè)備驅(qū)動開發(fā)   ７６
4．5．1 驅(qū)動加載原理   ７７
4．5．2 驅(qū)動模塊開發(fā)   ７８
4．6 小結(jié)   ８２
第5章 應(yīng)用層開發(fā)   ８３
5．1 B/S模式的建立   ８３
5．1．1 HTTP服務(wù)器選型   ８３
5．1．2 HTTP服務(wù)器集成   ８５
5．1．3 CGI表單處理   ８６
5．2 C/S模式的建立   ８８
5．2．1 C/S模式程序開發(fā)   ８９
5．2．2 報文約定   ９２
5．3 基于KVM實現(xiàn)的探討   ９３
5．4小結(jié)   ９４
第6章 應(yīng)用示例   ９５
6．1程序設(shè)計   ９５
6．2 界面示例   ９９
第7章 結(jié)論與展望   １００
7．1結(jié)論   １００
7．2展望   １０１
參 考 文 獻  102

摘    要
本文嘗試并實現(xiàn)了借助現(xiàn)有信息網(wǎng)絡(luò)Internet結(jié)合嵌入式測控終端節(jié)點完成對遠程現(xiàn)場對象的測試與控制的構(gòu)想。研制過程中，我們通過對網(wǎng)絡(luò)以及終端系統(tǒng)方案的論證、軟、硬件平臺的研發(fā)以及應(yīng)用層的開發(fā)，為從任何地點、在任何時間都能夠獲取到現(xiàn)場測試信息并實施控制的愿望提供了機制保證。
在網(wǎng)絡(luò)架構(gòu)方面，在分析數(shù)據(jù)傳輸模式以及靜態(tài)、動態(tài)網(wǎng)頁刷新技術(shù)的基礎(chǔ)上，通過將B/S與C/S模式相結(jié)合的方法，利用Java Applet瀏覽器端動態(tài)網(wǎng)頁技術(shù)以及嵌入式web server技術(shù),在客戶瀏覽器端和測控終端之間建立了基于HTTP以及通用Socket調(diào)用的兩類通訊信道，通過網(wǎng)頁文件和測控數(shù)據(jù)分開傳輸?shù)姆绞綄崿F(xiàn)動態(tài)交互。
對于測控終端平臺，從實現(xiàn)基本的Internet接入功能及實現(xiàn)基本的測控功能方面，兼顧軟、硬件協(xié)同考慮，提出了采用ARM-Linux架構(gòu)來構(gòu)建通用應(yīng)用平臺的方案。
硬件系統(tǒng)上，采用了一款片上集成豐富接口資源的ARM720T內(nèi)核微處理器為主控芯片，在最小系統(tǒng)基礎(chǔ)上擴展了以太網(wǎng)控制芯片，從而實現(xiàn)測控與網(wǎng)絡(luò)功能一體化。
軟件系統(tǒng)上，采用Linux內(nèi)核為系統(tǒng)支撐，構(gòu)建了包括ARMboot、設(shè)備驅(qū)動模塊以及文件系統(tǒng)在內(nèi)的完整軟件系統(tǒng)平臺。根據(jù)需要，在底層開發(fā)了包括I/O、A/D模塊在內(nèi)的設(shè)備驅(qū)動程序；在上層集成了以thttpd為基礎(chǔ)的HTTP服務(wù)器，并利用Socket調(diào)用開發(fā)了客戶端以及測控終端的測控數(shù)據(jù)通訊服務(wù)程序。最后對基于KVM的實現(xiàn)進行了探討。
通過示例驗證，系統(tǒng)最終實現(xiàn)了測控終端數(shù)據(jù)、狀態(tài)的回傳顯示；客戶端通過基于網(wǎng)頁的圖形用戶界面（Web Based User Interface,WBUI）對終端實施控制以及客戶端對終端的在線配置等基本功能。
本系統(tǒng)為國內(nèi)開發(fā)自主、開源的遠程測控終端平臺提供了一個切實可行的參考方案。

關(guān)鍵詞：遠程測控，嵌入式web server，ARM-Linux，Socket，WBUI，Internet

ABSTRACT
The paper makes an effort and finally implemented the concept that using the in existence Internet to monitor and control the remote filed object with the help of embedded terminal. Through reasoning of the network structure, developing of the software and hardware on platform level as well as the application level of the terminal, we provide a approach for the wish of monitoring and controlling filed objects at any time in any where.
 As far as the network structure been concerned, basing on the analyzing of data transmission mode as well as static and dynamic web refresh technology, with the method of combining B/S and C/S mode, using browser side dynamic web refresh technology Java Applet and the embedded web server technology, HTTP based and Socket based two communication channels have been established between the client side browser and terminal server side. So that the dynamic interaction was implement- ed by dividual transmition of the web page and the monitoring controlling data.
As far as the terminal been concerned, feeding the needs of basic Internet access ability as well as the basic monitoring and controlling ability, giving attention to the cooperation of software and hardware, we come up with an ARM-Linux based structure conception for construct an universal application platform.
In aspect of hardware, a highly integrated ARM720T core based MPU been used as the main controller extended with an ethernet controller besides the mini-periphery system so as to integrating the networking monitoring and controlling altogether.
In aspect of software, the Linux kernel been used as the system underlay equipped with ARMboot and the file system to form a whole software platform. In needs of applications, on the bottom layer, device drivers including I/O mode and A/D mode was developed, while on the top layer a thttpd based HTTP server was integrated as well as the Socket API based communication program between client side browser and terminal server side. Finally a KVM based implementation was discussed.
Validated by the demonstration,the system finally implemented the feed back of filed monitoring data,the controlling through the WBUI and the on line configration.
The system provided an positively feasible solution for domestically developing of the independent and source open remote controlling and monitoring terminal.

Key words： remote controlling and monitoring, embedded web server, ARM-Linux,
Socket, WBUI, Internet