遠程監護系統的數據記錄與傳輸技術研究

電子通信論文編號:TX053       論文字數:30157,頁數:58

目錄
第一章 緒 論  1
1.1 課題研究背景及其來源   1
1.1.1 國外遠程醫療的發展歷史與近況   1
1.1.2 我國遠程醫療的進展與現狀  3
1.2 遠程監護系統的發展趨勢  4
1.3 本課題研究涉及的關鍵性技術  5
1.3.1 MODEM技術   5
1.3.2 USB技術   5
1.3.3 閃速存儲器磁盤技術   6
1.4 論文的主要研究工作  6
第二章 遠程監護系統的總體設計  8
2.1遠程監護系統構架分析   8
2.2監護終端微處理器的選擇  9
2.3監護終端設備硬件總體設計  11
2.4遠程監護系統軟件整體構架   12
2.4.1監護終端設備固件程序結構  12
2.5監護終端系統硬件實現  14
2.6本章小結   15
第三章 遠程監護系統的MODEM傳輸技術研究  16
3.1調制解調器通用指令集AT命令  16
3.2本系統的中的通訊協議  16
3.2.1數據流格式    17
3.2.2命令類數據包的具體定義  18
3.2.3其它類型的包  19
3.3 MODEM數據傳輸的實現  19
3.3.1 MODEM傳輸的硬件實現  19
3.3.2 MODEM傳輸的軟件實現   22
3.4 MODEM傳輸實驗結果  23
3.5本章小結   24
第四章 遠程監護終端的USB傳輸技術  25
4.1 USB實現的關鍵技術   25
4.1.1 USB總線的構成和通訊結構   25
4.1.2 USB設備的枚舉過程  26
4.2 USB功能的硬件實現  27
4.3 USB功能的軟件實現   30
4.4本章小結   35
第五章 遠程監護終端的存儲傳輸技術研究   36
5.1 U盤關鍵技術研究  36
5.1.1 Bulk- Only 傳輸規范與RBC命令在系統中的實現  36
5.1.2在閃速存儲器上實現FAT16文件系統  40
5.2 閃速存儲器的壞塊處理技術  45
5.3終端設備U盤化的測試結果   48
5.4本章小結  50
第六章 結論與展望  51
致 謝   53
參考文獻  54

摘  要

隨著計算機和信息技術的進步，遠程醫療得到了快速發展，這一新的醫療模式在世界范圍引起了人們的廣泛關注。在這一領域我國起步較晚，不過也在某些方面取得了一定的成果。但總體上來講，由于我國互聯網的覆蓋面十分的有限，同時基于我國人民總體生活水平不高的特點，很多人仍然無法享受遠程醫療的服務。當前市場上的遠程醫療產品中有些是單一依靠互聯網為傳輸媒介，架設成本較高，難以大范圍推廣；有些雖然以覆蓋面很廣的電話線為傳輸媒介，但是系統太過簡單，同時數據存儲量過小，對于有用的臨床診斷信息提供能力不足。
本文從我國國情和當前市場上遠程醫療產品存在的不足出發，針對傳輸技術問題、數據存儲問題等幾個方面進行了較為深入的探討和研究，依此為基礎，設計出了一款家用遠程多生理參數監護系統。系統具有心電、血氧飽和度、體溫三種生理參數的檢測、記錄和傳輸功能。
系統采用我國通訊覆蓋面最廣的電話線為主要傳輸媒介，采用56k高速MODEM，配合自定義通訊協議，來完成患者多生理參數數據的實時和批量傳輸任務；同時以PC機作為終端系統的延伸部分，將互聯網通訊作為本系統的另一種傳輸方式。這樣給用戶以更大的選擇空間，根據不同的家庭和現實狀況選擇合適的傳輸方式。
在與PC機的連接上，引入USB傳輸技術，提高終端設備同PC機之間的數據傳輸效率，簡化操作。同時在數據存儲上，采用128MB大容量閃速存儲器，增強終端設備的數據存儲能力。為了更加便于用戶的操作使用，提高系統利用率，以USB傳輸功能為基礎，在終端系統中實現U盤功能，可以方便的通過PC機對存儲在終端設備上的文件進行相關操作。另外，針對閃速存儲器存在壞塊的問題，采用了地址映射技術，將壞塊排除在應用程序之外，簡化了編程，提高程序的可移植性。
本文中的家用多參數遠程監護系統彌補了當前市場上一些同類產品的不足，通訊方式靈活，操作使用簡單，適合不同類型家庭和患者的使用。

【關鍵詞】：遠程醫療，生理信號，電話線，通用串行總線，地址映射

Abstract

With the advance of the technologies of computer and information, telemedicine has been developed quickly. This new medical pattern has been attracting more and more people’s attention in the world. The research in this field was been done later in China than in others. But some good results have been achieved so far. Up to now, generally speaking, in China, due to the limits of the internet covering area and relatively lower living standard, many people can not enjoy the telemedicine service. In Chinese market, one kind of this products is based only on the internet as transmit medium. It can not widely applied by the ordinary people. Another kind is based on telephone line which is covering almost the whole country. The drawback of this kind of products is the poor function and the limited storage, which can not supply enough clinical information.
Aiming at the problems described above, this thesis has discussed deeply the technologies of transmission, storage and so on. Based on the research results, a family used multi-physiological-signal monitoring system was developed. It can realize sampling, recording, and transmitting for electrocardiogram(ECG), oxygen saturation and respiration.
The system utilizes the telephone line, which is covering almost the whole country, as communication media. A 56k high speed modem and an own protocol is employed for  real-time mass data transmission. At the same time, personal computer is used as the system’s enhanced part to extend its application. The internet data exchange plays the second way of communication of the system. In order to simplify operation of terminal device, Universal Serial Bus(USB) mass storage function has been realized in it. Users can conveniently deal with the recorded data files of terminal device in personal computer as their wills. Additionally, because the flash memory on the terminal device exists some bad blocks, we make use of the concept of address mapping technique to shield the bad block for software development, which simplifies programming and makes the whole firmware more transplantable.
The system in this thesis overcomes some shortages of nowadays telemedicine monitoring system in the market. It has flexible communication ways and simple operation. It can be used for different users.

Keywords: Telemedicine, Physiological Signal, Telephone Line, Universal Serial Bus, Address Mapping
Thesis Type: Applied Fundamental