傳感器網絡綜合了傳感器技術、嵌入式技術、分布式信息處理技術和無線通信技術,能夠協作地實時監測、感知和采集各種環境或監測對象的信息,并對其進行處理,傳送到這些信息的用戶。傳感器網絡是計算機科學技術的一個新的研究領域。覆蓋問題又是傳感器網絡研究中的一個基礎課題。如何判定某個感興趣的區域是否被一組給定的傳感器節點覆蓋, 在傳感器網絡的很多應用領域中具有重要意義。本論文提出了一種傳感器網絡中基于正三角形剖分的k-覆蓋快速判定算ETP-RCDA(Equilateral Triangle Partition based Rapid k-Coverage Decision Algorithm)和最大k-覆蓋問題的求解算法,TR-RCDA首先把感興趣的區域剖分為正三角形區域,從而將復雜的區域覆蓋問題轉化為簡單的正三角形區域覆蓋問題。理論分析與仿真實驗表明,針對具有n個節點的傳感器網絡,新算法的計算時間復雜度為O(n),遠低于已有算法O(nlogn) 的計算時間復雜度。
關鍵詞:傳感器網絡,k-覆蓋問題,剖分,算法
Researches on Cube Partition based Rapid 3D k-Coverage Decision Algorithm for Sensor Networks
Abstract
Integrated with sensing techniques, embedded techniques, distributed Information Processing techniques and wireless communication techniques, sensor networks can be used for monitoring, sensing, collecting and processing information of monitored objects and transferring the processed information to users. Sensor network is a new research area of computer science and technology and has a wide application future. Coverage problem is a fundamental issue in the researches of sensor networks. It is important to determine whether a region of interest is sufficiently covered by a given set of sensors in lots of monitoring applications of sensor networks. An Equilateral Triangle Partition based Rapid k-Coverage Decision Algorithm is proposed, in which the region of interest is partitioned into triangles firstly, and then the complex area coverage problem is transformed into simple triangle coverage problem. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that, for sensor networks with n different sensors, the new algorithm can solve the k-coverage problem correctly for any given region of interest with time costs of O(n) only, which is far below the time costs O(nlogn) of previously well-known algorithm.