無線膠囊內(nèi)窺鏡系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)

論文編號(hào):DQ279   論文字?jǐn)?shù):23083,頁數(shù):56

無線膠囊內(nèi)窺鏡系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)

摘  要

 提出了膠囊內(nèi)窺鏡系統(tǒng)，基于射頻芯片NRF24LE1和圖像采集芯片OV7660的設(shè)計(jì)方案。根據(jù)電磁波傳播理論,計(jì)算了膠囊在人體內(nèi)發(fā)射的電磁波信號(hào)穿透人體后的達(dá)到接收器時(shí)的場強(qiáng)值,結(jié)果表明,體外信號(hào)強(qiáng)度可以達(dá)到接收的要求,從而驗(yàn)證了該方案的可行性。
 本論文在于主要介紹的是設(shè)計(jì)一種無線膠囊內(nèi)窺鏡診斷系統(tǒng)的原理與結(jié)構(gòu)。該系統(tǒng)主要基于采用OV7660圖像傳感芯片、Nordic公司的NRF24LE1射頻發(fā)射芯片相結(jié)合的架構(gòu),成功實(shí)現(xiàn)了將體內(nèi)膠囊內(nèi)窺鏡傳輸出的圖像數(shù)據(jù)實(shí)時(shí)接收存儲(chǔ)的功能。集中探討了人體膠囊式無線內(nèi)窺鏡系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)中的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì),給出了體內(nèi)控制的無線磁控裝置設(shè)計(jì)。
 系統(tǒng)盡可能減少外圍電路，從而嚴(yán)格控制體內(nèi)無線膠囊的體積及功耗，減少由于膠囊體積過大對(duì)人體造成的不適及滿足膠囊在人體中停留足夠時(shí)間以便完成對(duì)病變部位的實(shí)時(shí)圖像采集傳輸。
 
關(guān)鍵詞　膠囊內(nèi)窺鏡　無線圖像傳輸　電磁波 OV7660 NRF24LE1

Wireless capsule endoscopy system design
ABSTRACT
 The design fundamental and the wireless image transmission subsystem of the capsule endoscopy (CE) are proposed. Then a scheme based on RF chips, NRF24LE1 , is given. To validate the feasibility of this scheme, this paper calculated the attenuation of the signal transmitted from CE. The result shows that the signal is still strong enough for the receiver to receive after it is absorbed by the human body tissues when the signal propogate in human body.
 A capsule endoscope system, based on the RF chip and image acquisition NRF24LE1 of OV7660 chip design. According to electromagnetic wave propagation theory, the calculation of the capsule in the human body's electromagnetic signal fired after penetrating the body to reach the receiver at the time of field strength values, results showed that the signal strength in vitro can be achieved to receive the request, in order to verify the feasibility of the program. Is introduced in this paper is the design of a wireless capsule endoscope diagnosis system and structure of the principle. The system is mainly based on the OV7660 image sensor chips used, Nordic's RF chip NRF24LE1 combination of structure, the successful implementation of the capsule endoscope to the body of the image data transmission to receive real-time memory function. Focus on the human body wireless capsule endoscopy system design in the structural design, given the body control the design of wireless magnetic devices.
System to minimize the external circuit, thus the body to strictly control the size of the wireless capsule and the power to reduce the capsule size as a result of too much discomfort to the human body and to meet the capsules remain in the body in order to have sufficient time to complete lesion of the transmission of real-time image acquisition.
 
Key words:  capsule endoscopy　　wireless image transmission　　electromagnetic wave OV7660 NRF24LE1

目  錄
摘  要  ……………………………………………………………………Ⅰ
ABSTRACT  …………………………………………………………………Ⅱ
1 緒論   ……………………………………………………………………1
1.1  選題的目的  ………………………………………………………………1
1.2  內(nèi)窺鏡發(fā)展的歷史  ………………………………………………………1
1.3  本課題的研究現(xiàn)狀  ………………………………………………………2
1.4  無線膠囊內(nèi)窺鏡研究的意義  ……………………………………………2
1.5  研究目標(biāo)、研究內(nèi)容和擬解決的關(guān)鍵問題  ……………………………3
1.6  圖像信號(hào)的無線傳輸主要技術(shù)難點(diǎn)  ……………………………………4
2  系統(tǒng)的總體設(shè)計(jì)  ………………………………………………………5
2.1  膠囊內(nèi)窺鏡的結(jié)構(gòu)及設(shè)計(jì)原則  …………………………………………5
2.2  可行性分析  ………………………………………………………………5
2.2.1無線頻段發(fā)射功率模塊的選擇和評(píng)定  …………………………………5
2.2.2  解剖以色列M2A膠囊型內(nèi)窺鏡  ………………………………………9
2.2.3  解剖金山公司的OMOM膠囊型內(nèi)窺鏡   ………………………………9
2.3 設(shè)計(jì)方案 ……………………………………………………………………11
2.4 各個(gè)模塊功能子系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì) ………………………………………………12
2.4.1  光學(xué)鏡頭及照明系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)  …………………………………………12
2.4.2  圖像采集和數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換傳輸及外部存儲(chǔ)部分設(shè)計(jì)  ……………………13
2.4.3  圖像傳感器選型和設(shè)計(jì)  ………………………………………………14
2.4.4  OV7660圖像傳感器的配置  ……………………………………………14
2.4.5 圖像采集和數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換傳輸部分設(shè)計(jì)   …………………………………15
2.5 膠囊內(nèi)系統(tǒng)的主要硬件   …………………………………………………17
2.5.1發(fā)射芯片 NRF24LE1介紹  ………………………………………………17
2.5.2 OV7660圖像傳感器介紹  ………………………………………………18
2.6 遇到的問題和解決的辦法   ………………………………………………19
2.6.1 NRF24LE1無線通信軟件流程設(shè)計(jì)  ……………………………………19
2.6.2 體內(nèi)發(fā)送端軟件流程   …………………………………………………19
2.6.3 OV7660圖像數(shù)據(jù)采集硬件設(shè)計(jì)的思路和要點(diǎn)  ………………………21
2.6.3.1 硬件連接   ……………………………………………………………21
2.6.3.2 圖像采集的工作過程   ………………………………………………21
2.6.3.3 CMOS圖像傳感器SCCB總線協(xié)議  ……………………………………23
2.7  系統(tǒng)軟件部分的設(shè)計(jì)  ……………………………………………………25
2.7.1 體內(nèi)部分軟件流程圖   …………………………………………………25
2.7.2 體外部分軟件流程圖   …………………………………………………27
2.7.3 OV7660 的SCCB配置程序   ……………………………………………27
2.7.4 NRF24LE1發(fā)射芯片源程序  ……………………………………………28
3 實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果及分析  ………………………………………………………30
3.1 系統(tǒng)功率分析   ……………………………………………………………30
3.2 圖像信號(hào)分析   ……………………………………………………………31
4  結(jié)束語   ………………………………………………………………32
5  結(jié)論   …………………………………………………………………32
參考文獻(xiàn)  …………………………………………………………………33
附  錄  ……………………………………………………………………34
附錄一、以色列M2A內(nèi)窺鏡解剖原理圖   ……………………………………34
附錄二、NRF24LE1發(fā)射芯片資料  ……………………………………………35
附表三、攝像頭規(guī)格說明  ……………………………………………………37
附錄四、攝像頭時(shí)序控制圖  …………………………………………………39
附錄五、內(nèi)窺鏡設(shè)計(jì)電路原理圖（添加內(nèi)存模塊）  ………………………41
附錄六、內(nèi)窺鏡電路原理圖   …………………………………………………42
附錄七、SCCB配置文件    ……………………………………………………43
附錄八、NRF24LE1芯片main.c部分  ………………………………………48
謝  辭  ……………………………………………………………………51