智能照明節電器的設計

測控論文編號:CK048   論文字數:13120,頁數:32

目 錄

摘要……………………………………………………………………………. . …. I
1 前言…………………………………………………………………………………...1
2 交流照節電器原理、特性及問題…………………………………………….……2
2.1  交流照明節電原理………………………………………………………….……2
2.2  照明節電器特點…………………………………………………………….…...3
2.3  照明節電器使用中的問題………………………………………………….…… 4
2.4  照明節電器的適用范圍…………………………………………………………. 5
3  交流照明調壓技術…………………………………………………………………..6
 3.1  交流斬波技術原理………………………………………………. …………………. .6
 3.2  交流斬波調壓控制技術………………………………………………………. .……. 8
  3.2.1  互補控制方式…………………………………………………….…………….8
  3.2.2  非互補控制方式………………………………………………………………. 8
        3.2.3  交流斬波調壓控制的比較……………………………………………………. 9
 3.3  幾種交流調壓電路…………………………………………………………………. . 13
 3.3.1  單管反串聯雙向電子開關斬控式交流調壓電路……………………………13
 3.3.2  雙開關斬控式交流調壓電路…………………………………………………14
 3.3.3  單管雙向電子開關斬控式交流調壓電路……………………………………15
4  智能照明節電器的設計……………………………………………………….………..16
 4.1  智能照明節電器主電路……………………………………………. .………16
 4.2  外部電路……………………………………………………………. .………………17
 4.3  控制電路的軟件設計…………………………………. . . ……. . ..…...18
 4.4  Buck型AC/AC變換及仿真………………………………………………………. .…20
 4.4.1 Buck型AC/AC變換器……………………………………………….…………20
 4.4.2  Buck型AC/AC變換控制方案…………………………………………………21
 4.4.3  仿真與試驗結果………………………………………………………………22
5  應用分析與結論……………………………. . . ……. . . ……….25
 5.1  應用分析……………………………………………. . . …. . . 25
 5.2  結論………………………………………………. . .………. . 25
6  總結……………………………………………………………………….26
致謝………………………………………………………………………….27

摘  要
 隨著人類社會的不斷發展，照明設施的規模越來越大，數量也越來越多，這對改善各地區的經濟發展起了很大的作用。但伴隨著而來的是能耗的大幅度提高，照明用電已成為電能的消耗大戶。特別是近年來能源價格大幅度提升，使照明的電力消耗成為用戶的一大經濟負擔。本文研究的是一種以STC單片機作為控制核心的智能照明節電器，采用交流斬波和高頻開關技術，利用IGBT模塊作為高頻開關，裝置的整體變換效率較高。交流斬波和高頻開關技術實現了對交流電壓的調節，能夠輸出與電網電壓相位，波形基本一致的電壓波形，具有輸出電壓諧波含量低，動態響應時間快等特點。將交流斬波電路與串聯降壓變壓器結合組成的該節電器，由于采用了串級補償形式，故其設備容量僅等于被節電部分的容量，大大減小了節電器的體積，降低了損耗。這種照明節電器不管電壓如何波動，都能根據使用要求使照明燈的輸入電壓控制在最佳值，從而最大限度的發揮節能效果。

關鍵詞：照明; 交流斬波; 節電器

Abstract
 With the continuous development of human society, the increasing scale of lighting, the numbers are growing, which is to improve the region's economic development played an important role. But with the coming of a substantial increase in energy consumption, lighting energy consumption of electricity has become big. In recent years a substantial upgrade in energy prices, so that lighting power consumption to become a major economic burden on the user. This paper is a kind of STC microcontroller as the control of intelligent lighting Saver, AC chopper and high frequency switching technology that uses high frequency switching IGBT module as the device's overall higher conversion efficiency. AC chopper and high frequency switching technology to achieve the AC voltage regulator that can output phase with the grid voltage, the voltage waveform waveform consistent with the output voltage harmonic content is low, the dynamic characteristics of fast response time.AC chopper with series comprising the combination of step-down transformer Saver, the use of cascade form of compensation, so the equipment capacity is only part of the capacity equal to saving, greatly reduces the volume Saver reduces the loss . No matter how voltage lighting saver that fluctuations can be of use the input voltage to control the lighting at the best value to maximize energy savings.
Keywords：lighting; AC chopper; electrical energy saver