基于虛擬儀器的可編程智能電池參數實時監控系統設計

測控論文編號:CK062   論文字數:15270,頁數:28

目 錄
摘要…………………………………………………………………….……….. . .…….……….I
Abstract………………………………………………………………………………II
1 前言…………………………………………………………….……………….……………..7
2 鎳氫電池和鋰電池及其標準簡介………………………………………………....8
   2.1可充電電池的主要參數………………………………….………………….……………8
   2.2鎳氫電弛(Ni—H)…………………………………………………………………….……8
   2.3鋰電池( Li)…………………………………………………………………………………9
   2.4電池充放電的（國際）標準……………………………………………………………..10
3 LabVIEW語言概述…………………………………………….………………………. . .11
3.1  虛擬儀器VI…………………………………………………………...……….……….11
3.2  LabVIEW語言簡介…………………………………….………………………….... . .11
3.3  LabVIEW的數據采集簡介……………………………………………………. .……12
4 總體方案設計……… ……….…………………………………………………...…….....16
 4.1  系統硬件概況………………………………………………………………………….17
 4.2  系統軟件設計………………………………………………………….………………17
    4.2.1 虛擬儀器前面板………………………….…..………………….………………17
    4.2.2 應用程序開發……………………………………….………………...…………18
5  程序設計…………………………………………………………………………………....19
 5.1  LabVIEW數據采集…………………………………………………….……….…….19
        5.1.1采用NI的板卡實現數據采集…………………………………………………20
 5.2  電池的充電監控設計…………………………………………………………………21
 5.2.1 程序應用的節點簡介…………………………………………..………………22
 5.2.2 編程思路……………………………………………………………………......22
 5.2  電池容量計算…………………………………………………………………………23
 5.3.1 程序應用的節點簡介…………………………………………..………………23
 5.3.2編程思路………………………………………………………….……………..24
 5.3 總體程序…………………………………………………………….…………………..24
6  總結………………………………………………………………….………………..……...26
致謝………………………………………………………………………………………..……...27

摘  要
 隨著數碼電器的普及，電池的消耗越來越大。目前,我國的電池生產企業有350多家,每年各類電池的年生產量約150-160億只,國內消費量為70億只左右,并且這個數據每年以10%左右的速度在增長。如不及早考慮再次利用，不僅造成資源的大量浪費，而且會使環境遭受巨大污染。現如今，隨著數碼電器的普及，可充電電池在人們的日常生活中已隨處可見，成為必不可少的日常生活用品之一。對充電電池維護不當將直接影響電池的使用效益和壽命。通過在線監測電池的工作參數，可以了解電池的工作狀態、工作特性及電池的維護情況。因此開發可編程充電電池參數實時監控系統具有積極意義。
 LabVIEW是一種程序開發環境，由美國國家儀器（NI）公司研制開發的，與其他計算機語言的顯著區別是：其他計算機語言都是采用基于文本的語言產生代碼，而LabVIEW使用的是圖形化編輯語言G編寫程序，產生的程序是框圖的形式。其特點是基于通用計算機等標準軟硬件資源平臺，實現構建靈活、層次體系明晰、功能強大且人機界面友好的測控系統，因此在國內外許多測控應用中被廣泛采用。
 本設計基于LabVIEW開發了一套可編程充電電池的實時參數監控系統。系統能夠對鎳氫電池和鋰電池充電和放電時的電流、電壓和溫度進行監控，使能合理的對電池進行維護，并能測量電池的實際容量。

關鍵詞：LabVIEW、測控軟件、虛擬儀器、數據采集、實時監控

Abstract
 Along with the popularization of digital appliance, the consumption of battery is increasing. At present, there are more than 350 battery production enterprises in China, the annual output for various types of battery is about 15 billion to 16 billion, the domestic consumption is around 7 billion, and the data of consumption is increasing at the rate of 10% every year. If we do not consider the reuse of batteries timely, it will not only resulted in substantial waste of resources, but also lead to the seriously pollution of the environment. Nowadays, we can see rechargeable battery everywhere in our daily life and it becomes one of the indispensable daily necessities. The improper maintenance of rechargeable battery will directly influence the usage benefit and useful life of the battery. Work through the parameters of on-line monitoring for the battery, we can understand the working status of the battery, job characteristics and the maintenance of the battery. Therefore developing the rechargeable is of positive significance. 
 LabVIEW is a programming environment; it is developed by the USA National Instruments, its notable difference with other computer language: other computer language is text-based language to Generate Code; In LabVIEW you build a user interface by using a set of tools and objects. The user interface is known as the front panel. You then add code using graphical representations of functions to control the front panel objects. This graphical source code is also known as G code or block diagram code. The block diagram contains this code. Its characteristic is based on general-purpose computer software and hardware resource platform, standards on construction level system; realize flexible and powerful clarity and friendly interface, thus the measurement and control system in the domestic many measurement is widely used in the applications.
 The design is based on the LabVIEW has developed a programmable rechargeable batteries real-time monitoring system parameters. System capable of lithium battery nigh batteries and rushed and discharge of the current, voltage and temperature monitor, enabling the reasonable for battery can be measured, and the maintenance of the battery actual capacity.

Keywords： LabVIEW、Software of measure and automation、Virtual Instrument、Data Acquisition、Real Time Monitoring