基于旋轉編碼器的轉速檢測系統的設計

測控論文編號:CK080   論文字數:11133,頁數:27

目 錄

1 緒論 1
1.1. 課題的來源 1
1.2. 研究的目的和意義 2
1.3. 國內外研究現狀 2
1.4. 本論文的主要研究內容 3
2. 基于旋轉編碼器的轉速檢測系統的設計 4
2.1總設計方案 4
2.1.1 使用旋轉編碼器來測量電機轉速的幾種方法 4
2.1.2 使用增量式旋轉編碼器來判別電機轉速方向的原理 5
2.1.3 增量式旋轉編碼器的反饋脈沖的四倍頻原理 6
2.2. 由AT89S52構建的測速電路硬件系統的設計 7
2.2.1 四倍頻電路方案及硬件實現 8
2.2.2恒流斬波細分驅動方案及硬件實現 11
2.3. 單片機軟件設計 11
2.4. 轉速的計算 19
2.5. 誤差分析 19
3. 總結 22
致謝 23
參考文獻 24

摘要
 本論文主要是介紹基于旋轉編碼器轉速檢測系統的設計，首先文章介紹了精確的測量在工業生產中的重要性，并且簡要介紹了常用的幾種測量轉速的方法和旋轉編碼器測量轉速的幾種方法。接著著重介紹了基于旋轉編碼器彎管電機轉速檢測系統的設計，分別從硬件和軟件兩方面來詳細介紹了本研究的情況。硬件方面，說明了為何選用了本款增量式旋轉編碼器，以及如何通過四倍頻電路和細分電路來增加測量的精度。軟件方面，整個軟件從功能上可分為初始化模塊、脈沖計數模塊、計時模塊、參數調整模塊和顯示模塊。同時也介紹了步進電機細分驅動程序。最后通過測試得到相應的技術參數，并對測量系統的誤差進行了分析，證明了本系統的可行性。
關鍵詞：旋轉編碼器；轉速測量；倍頻細分電路
Abstract

This paper mainly introduces the design of rotary encoder-based speed detection system . Firstly, the article presents  the importance of precise measurement  in industrial production, and outlines several commonly used method of measuring speed as well as a few methods of measuring speed by the rotary encoder . Then it focuses on the design  of rotary encoder based on the bend of the motor speed detection system ,from hardware and software  two perspectives described in details of this study. From the hardware part, it explains why this section was chosen incremental rotary encoder, as well as through the multiplier circuit and four sub-circuits to increase the accuracy of measurement. In the software part, the whole software from the functional module can be divided into initialization, pulse counting module, timing module, parameter adjustment module and display module. At the same time, it also introduces the driver of sub-stepping motor . Finally, it proves the feasibility of the system through testing the technical parameters and analysising the error of  system measurement.

Keywords：Rotary encoder；rotation Speed； frequency sub-circuit