標準電阻自動巡檢裝置設計

測控論文編號:CK135   論文字數:10494,頁數:34

目 錄

1 前 言........................................................................1
2 總體方案設計................................................................3
2.1  系統總體結構.............................................................3
2.2  系統硬件結構.............................................................4
2.3  系統總體軟件流程.........................................................5
3 步進電機控制系統設計.......................................................6
3.1 步進電機控制系統結構框圖..................................................6
 3.2 運動機構—步進電機57BYGH..................................................6
3.2.1 步進電機特性.........................................................6
     3.2.2 步進電機技術參數.....................................................9
3.2.3  電機外形與接線圖....................................................9
3.3 驅動機構—驅動器ST-25H...................................................10
     3.3.1 驅動器特點 11                            
      3.3.2 驅動器連線及引腳說明................................................11
3.3.3 使用說明............................................................12    
3.4 連接機構—單片機最小系統.................................................14
3.4.1 主芯片STC89C52RC...................................................14
4上位機與單片機的通信.......................................................17
4.1 LabVIEW程序結構的組織結構................................................17
4.2 微機與單片機的通信協議...................................................17
4.3 串口通信硬件電路.........................................................17
4.3.1 芯片介紹............................................................17
4.3.2  MAX232外圍電路.....................................................18
4.4 主機通信軟件實現.........................................................19
4.4.1 基本功能模塊介紹....................................................19
4.4.2 基本步驟............................................................20
4.4.3 下位機串行通信程序..................................................20
4.5 步進電機控制程序設計.....................................................22
5 系統的調試..................................................................24
5.1 單片機最小系統調試.......................................................24
   5.1.1 硬件的調試..........................................................24
 5.1.2 軟件的調試..........................................................24
 5.2 LabVIEW軟件測試..........................................................24
 5.3 整個系統實物圖...........................................................25
6  總  結.....................................................................26
 致  謝.....................................................................27附  錄.....................................................................29

摘  要

     目前國內，標準電阻檢定都是通過電橋人工檢定。手動檢定裝置比自動的費工費時，效率低下，且有人為因素影響。因此標準電阻自動巡檢裝置的開發大大增加了工作的效率。在專用測量系統方面，環顧當今社會，信息技術的迅猛發展，各行各業無不轉向智能化、自動化、集成化。無所不能的計算機的應用為虛擬儀器的推廣提供了良好的基礎。虛擬儀器的概念就是用專用的軟硬件配合計算機實現專用設備的功能，并使其自動化、智能化。因此，虛擬儀器適合于一切需求計算機輔助進行數據存儲、數據處理、數據傳輸的計量場合。測量與處理、結果與分析相脫節的面貌將大為改觀。一切計量系統，只要技術上可行，都可用虛擬儀器代替。文章主要介紹了實現標準電阻自動巡檢的一種裝置，用步進電機實現轉盤的撥動，而步進電機的轉動則是依靠PC控制，使用的軟件是LabVIEW圖形化的編程語言。實現PC機控制電機轉動就是依靠單片機系統，整個單片機系統由控制芯片SRC89C52RC和通信芯片MAX232組成，實現了下位機和上位機的通信。

關鍵詞： 標準電阻，自動巡檢，步進電機，LabVIEW，單片機
Abstract

      Currently, standard resistance tests are tested through the bridge. Manual test equipment  is time-consuming and inefficient than the automatic, and it includes the human’s factors. Therefore, the development of standard resistance automatic inspection equipment greatly increased efficiency. In the dedicated measurement system, looking at today's society, the rapid development of information technology, all industries and businesses all turned to intelligence, automation, integration. The use of all-powerful computer provides a good basis for the Promotion of virtual instrument. The concept of virtual instrumentation is to use a dedicated software and hardware which is in coordinated with computer to achieve the function of special equipment , and its automation and intelligence. Therefore, the virtual instrument is suitable for all needs of computer-assisted data storage, data processing, data transmission measurement occasions. Measurement and processing, results and analysis phase will be greatly changed. In measuring system, as long as technically feasible, it is available instead of the virtual instrument. The paper introduces a kind of device to realize the standard resistance’s automatic inspection ,with stepper motor toggle dial, while the stepper motor rotation is to rely on PC control ,the software for use LabVIEW graphical programming language. PC-controlled motor rotation is to rely on a SCM system, and the SCM system is composed control chip called SRC89C52RC and a communication chip called MAX232 , achieving a lower machine and host computer communication.

Keywords:  standard resistance,automatic inspection,stepper motor,LabVIEW, SCM