尼龍6改性研究

材料科學論文編號:CL037  論文字數:10865,頁數:25

目  錄
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
目錄 III-IV
1. 概述 1
 1.1 尼龍的概況 1-2
 1.2 尼龍的改性技術 3-4
 1.3 改性尼龍的應用 5
2. 實驗部分 6
 2.1 主要原料 6
 2.2 主要儀器設備 6
 2.3 性能測試 6
 2.4 改性尼龍的制備 7
 2.4.1 馬來酸酐接枝POE和EPDM的制備 7
 2.4.2 尼龍6/接枝POE共混物的制備 7
 2.4.3 流變性能的測試 7
 2.4.4 玻璃纖維增強尼龍的工藝流程及工藝條件 7
 2.4.5 阻燃改性尼龍工藝 8
3. 結果與討論 9
 3.1 熔融指數 9
 3.2 增韌劑對尼龍改性的影響 9
 3.2.1 馬來酸酐的加入量對POE接枝率的影響 9
 3.2.2 接枝率的計算 10
 3.2.3 增韌劑對PA6性能的影響 11
 3.2.4 增韌劑加入量對PA6性能的影響 12
 3.2.5 POE-g-HMA對PA6/POE共混物流變性能的影響 13
 3.3 玻纖對尼龍改性的影響 13
 3.3.1 玻纖含量對尼龍力學性能的影響 14
 3.3.2 玻纖品種對復合材料性能的影響 15
 3.3.3 長玻纖增強PA6增韌改性 16
 3.4 阻燃改性對尼龍的影響 17
 3.4.1 阻燃種類及阻燃效果 17
 3.4.2 阻燃劑對尼龍力學性能的影響 17
 3.5 結論 18
4．總結與展望 19
致謝 20
參考文獻 21

摘要: 尼龍6是工程塑料中開發最早的品種，是目前聚酰胺塑料中產量最大的品種之一。改性尼龍6因其優異的綜合性能在各領域得到廣泛應用。本文主要研究了尼龍6的改性技術。通過馬來酸酐接枝彈性體，增加彈性體和尼龍6的相容性，使其沖擊強度提高。用玻璃纖維增強尼龍6，使其拉伸強度和彎曲強度等性能指標成倍提高。研究了玻璃纖維品種和玻璃纖維含量對復合材料性能的影響，結果表明，采用高強玻璃纖維及玻纖含量為32.2%時，得到的增強尼龍料的力學性能優異。又對尼龍6進行了增韌改性，其沖擊強度可大幅度提高。對尼龍6添加阻燃劑，可實現玻纖增強尼龍6復合材料的阻燃化。在實際應用中，可根據使用要求對尼龍6進行一項或多項改性，以低成本獲得較好的綜合性能。

關鍵詞：尼龍6；改性技術；玻璃纖維；增韌劑；阻燃劑

Abstract: Nylon 6 is the early developed species of engineering plastics, its production is one of the largest in polyamide plastic. Modified nylon 6  has been widely used in various fields because of its excellent overall performance. This paper mainly studies the modification of nylon 6.  After maleic anhydride grafted elastomers, the compatibility between elastomers and nylon 6 are increased, so do their impct strength.  After glass fiber reinforced nylon 6 , the performance index such as tensile strength and bending strength has improved several times.  This paper also studies on the influence of the varieties and content of the glass fiber to the properties of composite materials.  The results show that when we use high-strength glass fiber whose content is 32.2% , the enhanced mechanical properties of nylon material are excellent.  In addition, we toughen and modify nylon 6 to enhance its impact strength deeply.  By adding flame retardant into nylon 6, can reinforce insulation of composite materials in which glass fiber adds.  In practical applications, we can modify one or more properties of nylon 6 according to the using request, at last ,we can obtain better performance at a lower price.

key words: Nylon 6; modification technology; glass fiber; toughening; flame retardants